Project Management
Prof. Silke Adam (University of Bern) and Prof. Michaela Maier (University of Koblenz-Landau) in cooperation with Prof. Claes de Vreese & Prof. Andreas Schuck (Amsterdam), Prof. Ralph Negrine (Sheffield), Prof. Sylvia Kritzinger (Vienna), Prof. Nicolas Demertzis (Athen)
Project Team Bern
Prof. Silke Adam, Beatrice Eugster, Franzisca Schmidt
Project Description
The subject of the research project is the politicization of European issues in the context of European integration. In particular the research project deals with the following question: Do national parties today mobilize – if yes under which conditions and how – on EU integration and thereby foster the politicization of EU integration? Politicization hereby means a process of public debate about political issues that is in particular carried out in the media. To understand the role of national parties for the politicization we distinguish between issue entrepreneurs (parties on the left and right of the political spectrum) and issue traditionalists (mainstream parties). Considering a three-step model of issues’ politicization process we analyze in the first step the strategic party communication of issue entrepreneurs and address the following research question: (1) Under which conditions do potential issue entrepreneurs decide to put issues regarding Europe on the agenda (salience) and to publicly voice their positions, and which cleavages do they base their arguments on? In the second step we examine in how far their strategic party behaviour affects the overall party agenda and the mass media agenda with the following question: (2) How effective are issue entrepreneurs in affecting the relevant issue environments, i.e. the overall party agenda and the media agenda within a country? In the third step we are interested whether these agenda changes put pressure on issue traditionalists and question: (3) How do issue traditionalists react to changes in the relevant issue environments?
Relevance of the Research Project
- Insights into and findings about the formation of political issues and the politicization processes, which is the basis for politics. "To speak of politics is to speak of political issues, almost in-variably. We speak of them as if we know them. But we truly do not. We do not know why they arise, why one question rather than another comes to seem important, why it happens at a particular time, rather than another, why some last, why some do not” (Carmines & Stimson, 1989: 3).
- As the politicization processes is quite context sensitive it is one challenge of this project to examine the influence of context factors such as the political context in different countries and the specifics of election and non-election times.
- Question of democratic quality when it comes to Europe (normative claim) and the possible changes in the process of European governance
Methods
- international comparative research design between Germany, Austria, UK, Netherlands, Greek and Portugal
- the study period starts before the financial crises in 2008 and ends with the European elections 2014
- content analysis of parties’ strategic communication (press releases) and media coverage
Project Finance
According to the cooperation between the University of Bern and the University of Koblenz-Landau the research project is financed by the Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF) and the German Research Foundation (DFG). (Project approval number: 10017E-144592/1)
Publications
Adam, Silke, Eva-Maria Antl-Wittenberg, Beatrice Eugster, Melanie Leidecker-Sandmann, Michaela Maier, und Franzisca Schmidt. 2017. „Strategies of Pro-European Parties in the Face of a Eurosceptic Challenge“. European Union Politics 18(2): 260–82.
Adam, Silke, Beatrice Eugster, Eva Antl-Wittenberg, Rachid Azrout, Judith Möller, Claes De Vreese, Michaela Maier, und Sylvia Kritzinger. 2019. „News Media’s Position-Taking Regarding the European Union: The Synchronization of Mass Media’s Reporting and Commentating in the 2014 European Parliament Elections“. Journal of European Public Policy 26(1): 44–62.
Adam, Silke, und Michaela Maier. 2011. „National Parties as Politicizers of EU Integration? Party Campaign Communication in the Run-up to the 2009 European Parliament Election“. European Union Politics 12(3): 431–53.
Adam, Silke, und Michaela Maier. 2016. „Campaigning on or Downplaying EU Integration? Explaining the Salience Parties Attach to EU Matters in European Parliamentary Election Campaigns“.
Eugster, Beatrice, Silke Adam, Severin Jansen, und Michaela Maier. 2021. „Negativity about Europe: Does It Propel Parties’ Media Visibility?“ Communications 46(4): 564–87.
Jansen, A. Severin, Beatrice Eugster, Michaela Maier, und Silke Adam. 2019. „Who Drives the Agenda: Media or Parties? A Seven-Country Comparison in the Run-Up to the 2014 European Parliament Elections“. The International Journal of Press/Politics 24(1): 7–26.
Leidecker-Sandmann, Melanie, und Beatrice Eugster. 2022. „Communicating Political Positions on European Issues: A Comparison of Parties and Newspapers in Seven Countries“. Political Studies Review 20(1): 62–82.
Maier, Michaela, Silke Adam, und Jürgen Maier. 2012. „The Impact of Identity and Economic Cues on Citizens’ EU Support: An Experimental Study on the Effects of Party Communication in the Run-up to the 2009 European Parliament Elections“. European Union Politics 13(4): 580–603.
Maier, Michaela, Silke Adam, und Jürgen Maier. 2017. „Does the Messenger Matter? A Comparison of the Effects of Eurosceptic Messages Communicated by Mainstream and Radical Right-Wing Parties on Citizens’ EU Attitudes“. Journal of Elections, Public Opinion and Parties 27(3): 330–49.
Maier, Michaela, Patrick Bacherle, Silke Adam, und Melanie Leidecker-Sandmann. 2019. „The Interplay between Parties and Media in Putting EU Issues on the Agenda: A Temporal Pattern Analysis of the 2014 European Parliamentary Election Campaigns in Austria, Germany and the United Kingdom“. Party Politics 25(2): 167–78.
Maier, Michaela, Jürgen Maier, Anna Baumert, Nico Jahn, Stefan Krause, und Silke Adam. 2015. „Measuring Citizens’ Implicit and Explicit Attitudes towards the European Union“. European Union Politics 16(3): 369–85.
Popa, Sebastian Adrian, Zoltán Fazekas, Daniela Braun, und Melanie-Marita Leidecker-Sandmann. 2020. „Informing the Public: How Party Communication Builds Opportunity Structures“. Political Communication 37(3): 329–49.
Schmidt, Franzisca. 2018. „Drivers of Populism: A Four-Country Comparison of Party Communication in the Run-up to the 2014 European Parliament Elections“. Political Studies 66(2): 459–79.
